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What Does BYU Honor Code Say About being Gay?
Brigham Young University recently dismissed star basketball player, Brandon Davies, from the men’s basketball team for violating the school’s honor code. Brandon had sex with his girlfriend. BYU is a Mormon school and the honor code reflects the church’s conservative views on sex and sexuality. After hearing about this, I thought about what it must be like to be an LGBT athlete at BYU. If premarital heterosexual sex is not tolerated, what would the school think of gay sex? Not to fear, the honor code has it covered:
“Brigham Young University will respond to homosexual behavior rather than to feelings or attraction and welcomes as full members of the university community all whose behavior meets university standards. Members of the university community can remain in good Honor Code standing if they conduct their lives in a manner consistent with gospel principles and the Honor Code.
One's stated same-gender attraction is not an Honor Code issue. However, the Honor Code requires all members of the university community to manifest a strict commitment to the law of chastity. Homosexual behavior is inappropriate and violates the Honor Code. Homosexual behavior includes not only sexual relations between members of the same sex, but all forms of physical intimacy that give expression to homosexual feelings.”
In a nutshell, gay and lesbian students and staff are “welcome” in the university community as long as they don’t engage in any “form of physical intimacy that gives expression to homosexual feelings.” You can say you are gay, according to the honor code, but you are expected to commit yourself to the law of chastity, just like all unmarried heterosexuals on campus are.
On one hand, given Brandon Davies’ dismissal from the basketball team, it seems that BYU takes the sexual conduct part of the honor code seriously no matter what the sexual orientation of a student is. On the other hand, the honor code devotes an entire section to “Homosexual Behavior” making it clear that even holding hands with someone of the same sex could be grounds for an honor code violation whereas heterosexual couples need to actually have sex in order to violate the code.
What must it be like to be an LGBT athlete at BYU? I am sure they are there. We are, as the slogan goes, everywhere. Outsports asked this question recently and several readers made comments about LGBT athletes they know who have been students at BYU.
Students who enroll at BYU know what they are committing themselves to, but many young people do not identify themselves as gay until after they are in college. What must it be like to come from a Mormon family, identify as a Morman AND be lesbian, gay or bisexual?
As a private school, BYU has the right to determine and enforce its honor code. It certainly is clearer than the ambiguous and unspoken “don’t ask, don’t tell” policy that got soccer coach Lisa Howe in trouble at Belmont University. This difference notwithstanding, the insistence that being LGBT and being a devout and honorable person of faith are completely incompatible often leads to dishonesty and secrecy.
That is some burden for a young person already dealing with the academic, athletic and social challenges of being away from home for the first time. Who could you talk to? I doubt if BYU has an LGBT Center or that campus counseling services include gay-affirmative staff. Even though you can identify yourself as gay without violating the honor code, it must be difficult to do so. Given the Mormons’ condemnation of homosexual behavior, how could you feel good about being lesbian or gay?
I was recently contacted by a reporter interested in doing a story on this topic who wanted to know if I had any contacts with LGBT athletes at BYU. I don’t. Neither do Jim or Cyd at Outsports. The BYU closet is too deep. The message to LGBT athletes from Brandon Davies’ dismissal from a team headed for the post-season is this: If they would dismiss a star heterosexual athlete for having sex with his girlfriend, there is no way it is safe for an LGBT athlete to come out, much less have a relationship at BYU. All it takes is for one teammate or one classmate or one coach to find out and tell on you and it is over.
The truly sad thing is that even in public universities where LGBT students’ rights are supposed to be protected, all it takes is to have a coach who believes that being LGBT is morally wrong or a disruption to the team and an athlete’s career can be just as much in jeopardy. It happens in women’s sports all the time. Coaches can and do act on their personal prejudices even when school policies and state laws should protect students from discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity/expression.
Too often administrators look the other way or back the coach. At least BYU is being consistent with the values the university and the Mormon religion espouses. We don’t have to like it. As a private religious school, they have the right. I am more upset about public schools that enable, condone, ignore discrimination against LGBT coaches and athletes even as they claim to be committed to protecting the rights of LGBT people on campus. That kind of hypocrisy is really difficult to see and just as painful for the young people who suffer because of it.
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Comments
Don't go there
everyone doesn't have to abide to the silly kindness you have in your head toward homosexuals.
Why do liberals need to force everyone to act the same?
People demand freedom of speech to make up for the freedom of thought which they avoid. - Soren Aabye Kierkegaard (1813-1855)
Perspective from inside BYU
Thanks for the thought provoking post! I'm a Mormon and a BYU graduate who is gay. I wasn't a collegiate athlete, but I am a runner and competed in local and school-sponsored races while I was at BYU. Does that count? I also was one of about a dozen gay students who was invited to meet with school administrators in 2007 to discuss the wording of the honor code section on homosexuality. After that discussion, BYU changed the code to take away some ambiguous and potentially harmful language. I appreciate that BYU's standards for the conduct of its students are clearly explained and that students are expected to keep that commitment.
There are definitely a lot of gay students at BYU and I suppose some of them were athletes. My friends were mostly the scholarly/artsy type, so I never knew of any first hand.
I'd like to respond to a few of your points. You put quotes around "welcome" in paragraph 4. I think those quotes could be removed. From my experience at least, students who experience same gender attraction but are committed to keeping the honor code and what we believe are God-given standards are warmly welcomed at BYU. There are certainly some bigots at BYU. Some Mormon kids only know as much about gay people as they have seen on TV . However, you have to remember that most of the male students at BYU and many of the females spend 18-24 months as missionaries, many times in foreign cultures. Apart from that, the students at BYU are extraordinarily bright and committed to Christian principles. I generally found BYU students to be more open-minded, more tolerant, and more intellectually curious than the general Mormon church and population and society in general. From a top-down perspective, the LDS church leadership and the BYU administration keenly, and I would say universally value gay people as a part of our community. The church standards regarding chastity are strict. I was able to maintain those standards as a BYU students. Sometimes it was difficult or frustrating to not be able to physically express the most passionate feelings in my heart. You have to remember though that this is the same thing that is expected of straight BYU students. We all had to keep our romantic feelings in check. At the same time as we're trying not to have sex, we're also trying not to smoke, drink, swear, fight, etc. I know that sounds restrictive to a lot of readers but you have to remember that this is not something that is imposed on us. We choose to follow these standards because we have seen that doing it makes us better off than if we just let loose and do whatever feels good at the moment. I want to make clear though, that the atmosphere at church and at BYU about these standards is generally very supportive and realistic. It is not emotionally abusive or hypocritical. When you live in this framework and really believe in it, it doesn't feel like a list of things you can't do, it feels like a list of things you don't want to do.
I'm not sure what the specific physical limits are as far as male-to-male contact becoming an honor code violation. I don't have any personal experience with the honor code office. My perception from my friends' experiences is that the honor code office and ecclesiastical leaders at BYU are considerate and pragmatic and the option of expelling someone from the university was only done in rare circumstances as a last resort. Most commonly, people who violated the code recommitted to keep it and stayed in the university. My friends who decided to pursue gay sexual relationships usually finished the term at BYU and then transferred to another university.
You asked who a gay person at BYU could turn to support. Ecclesiastical leaders are probably the most common resource a gay kid would turn to after his or her parents and family. The LDS uses a lay leadership, so leaders are not formally trained in counseling and, while meaning well, may or may not know the best advice to give a young person dealing with this. BYU does have a free counseling center with therapists who are trained and supportive. I visited the counseling center weekly for one semester as I was sorting some things out. The counselors there are probably not "gay-affirming" in the sense that you mean, but they are affirming of the individual and never made me feel like I was fundamentally broken or needed to be changed. Mostly, they just helped me talk through things and made me examine my perspectives. Finally, there is a large group of gay students. At least when I graduated a few years ago, there was no formal gay student group, but there are plenty of online groups and gay Mormon bloggers who meet socially and support each other. While I was at BYU, probably more than ever in my life, I was surrounded by a network of friends (gay and straight) with whom I shared deep common beliefs and emotions. If nothing else, Mormons are super, and I would say authentically nice people.
Well
written. Great insights thanks for sharing +1
Interracial sex calls for the death penalty
Everything you never wanted to know about the BYU Honor Code can be found here:
http://www.signaturebookslibrary.org/byu/chapter3.htm #honor
Not quite sure how the Mormons reconcile this declaration of their namesake prophet, Brigham Young, but I'll leave that to the defenders of the faith . . . apparently it didn't make it into the 'honor code':
"Shall I tell you the law of God in regard to the African race ? If the white man who belongs to the chosen seed mixes his blood with the seed of Cain [African race], the penalty, under the law of God, is death on the spot. This will always be so." (Mormon Prophet Brigham Young - Journal of Discourses, vol. 10, p. 110).
I guess "will always be so" is up for debate!
The early LDS church had a lot of prophetic declarations which were decidedly racist...but they've backed away from a lot of them in recent generations...so I guess the prophets' words won't "always" be true after all...
Is not victimization
I was not going to serve a mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints when I realized and admitted I was attracted to the Same Sex, even though I had repressed my sexuality the best I could. But, I had special spiritual experiences that confirmed that it was the right thing to do -- and I was blessed for being a missionary in countless ways, the most important and fond part of the mission being close to and feeling the love of our Savior. The rules are to help us be holy so we can have a relationship with Jesus Christ and Heavenly Father and be instruments in the hands of God to bring others unto Christ. And, there is no greater joy than serving others and seeing them partake of the Lord's goodness. The mission of BYU is the same, to help the student achieve this, strengthen one on the path to eternal life, and gain at the same time a great education . So, if you leave out these most important of details, then yes, it would seem unfair to not experience gay romance. But, Satan is clever, and I highly doubt two gay men attracted to each other who get too overly familiar physically would not ignite sexual thoughts and feelings, since men respond -- in most cases -- differently and more quickly sexually than do women. This article makes it sound like you are victimized -- and many times I have felt lonely and wish I could enjoy romance and companionship -- if you cannot kiss another man. Gay men need love and touch and friendship; not necessarily a passionate kiss.
One point of clarification on BYU's Honor Code
Paragraph 5 concludes by saying that "heterosexual couples need to actually have sex in order to violate the code." That is not true. I am very familiar with the Honor Code as I completed my undergraduate studies at BYU-Idaho (which has the same Honor Code as the larger BYU in Utah), and I am currently a law student at BYU.
The Honor Code requires that students, heterosexual or homosexual, "live a chaste and virtuous life." One who is familiar with Mormon views on what constitutes living a "chaste and virtuous life" is aware that a heterosexual sexual act outside of marriage, such as a man touching a woman's breast, would be a clear violation of the Honor Code. Such a violation might not be severe enough to result in dismissal from an athletics team, but it is definitely a violation.
To be sure, under Mormon views, the standard for an act that violates the Honor Code differs depending upon whether the act is homosexual or heterosexual. For example, a guy kissing a guy would constitute a violation of the Code while a guy kissing a girl would not. But, in making this post, I just wanted to clarify that heterosexual conduct short of sex can be a violation of the Honor Code.